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Understanding Taiwan and China: A New Perspective for Malaysians

As Malaysians, we are no strangers to the growing tensions in the East China Sea and the South China Sea, but do we fully appreciate the historical complexities that shape these disputes? Taiwan’s President Lai Ching-te recently delivered a speech that brought to light a crucial piece of history that many of us might not be aware of – Taiwan’s government, known as the Republic of China (ROC), is actually older than the People’s Republic of China (PRC), which now claims Taiwan as part of its territory.

This historical context challenges the prevailing narrative and raises important questions about sovereignty and identity. The ROC was founded in 1912, following the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty, making it the legitimate government of China at the time. Taiwan, then a Japanese colony, only came under ROC control after World War II in 1945. In 1949, the ROC government fled to Taiwan following the Chinese Civil War, as the Communist Party established the PRC on the mainland. Therefore, Taiwan has had a functioning government, rooted in the ROC, long before the PRC was even established.

This historical backdrop complicates Beijing’s claims over Taiwan. Despite repeated assertions of sovereignty by the PRC, Taiwan operates as a de facto independent nation, with its own government, military, and democratic institutions. From Taiwan’s perspective, reunification with Communist China is not merely a political issue but a fundamental question of national identity. President Lai’s recent remarks underscore that Taiwan sees itself as a sovereign country and rejects Beijing’s narrative of historical entitlement.

Why Does This Matter to Malaysians? 🌊

As Malaysia is part of the ASEAN region, we are directly affected by the broader geopolitical struggles playing out in the South China Sea. China’s increasing assertiveness over its territorial claims in the region often puts ASEAN nations, including Malaysia, in difficult diplomatic positions. Beijing’s activities – such as building artificial islands, conducting naval patrols, and unilaterally declaring claims over waters rich in resources – raise concerns about sovereignty and regional stability. The parallels between China’s approach to Taiwan and its claims in the South China Sea are worth noting.

Malaysia, like other ASEAN nations, relies heavily on the South China Sea for trade and natural resources. An estimated 30% of global maritime trade passes through these waters, making the stability of the region vital to Malaysia’s economic interests. Moreover, the South China Sea holds vast reserves of oil and natural gas, which are crucial to our national energy security. As we watch Beijing’s increasing militarization of these waters, it becomes clear that understanding the root causes of its territorial ambitions is key to navigating the future of our own region.

What Can We Learn From Taiwan’s Experience?

President Lai’s speech provides valuable insights into the deeper motivations behind Beijing’s strategic actions. Just as China seeks to assert dominance over Taiwan, it also seeks to strengthen its control over the South China Sea. Both cases are driven by a combination of historical narratives, nationalism, and strategic interests. Understanding Taiwan’s unique history offers us a new perspective on how China views challenges to its sovereignty – not just in Taiwan, but in any region where it has vested interests, including Southeast Asia.

While Malaysia has taken a cautious and diplomatic approach in handling territorial disputes, it is essential that we remain vigilant and well-informed. Understanding the complexities of the Taiwan-China conflict can help us better assess how China’s broader strategy might impact our own sovereignty and security interests in the South China Sea. Beijing’s growing influence in both military and economic terms means that Malaysia, along with other ASEAN members, must carefully balance its diplomatic ties with China, while also safeguarding its national interests.

Moving Forward: A Balanced and Strategic Approach

The South China Sea is more than just a body of water; it is a critical region for Malaysia’s economic well-being and national security. As we continue to face complex geopolitical challenges in our region, understanding the historical and political nuances of the Taiwan-China issue can help us better prepare for the long-term implications of China’s actions.

By recognizing the deep-seated historical roots of these tensions, Malaysians can take a more informed and balanced approach to diplomacy. This will not only help us protect our maritime sovereignty but also foster stronger collaboration with our ASEAN neighbors in ensuring that the South China Sea remains a zone of peace, stability, and prosperity for all.